【RAC】Oracle RAC环境的日志体系-白红宇

在Oracle RAC环境中比单个系统的日志体系要复杂：见下图：

简单介绍一下有关Oracle集群环境中日志体系结构，在遇到问题时，可以快速查找所需的日志文件，及时的定位问题~

1.Oracle集群日志的文件路径

Oracle集群涉及的日志主要位于“$GRID_HOME/log”和“$ORACLE_HOME/log”目录中。

2.日志目录结构

clusterware 层的日志结构：

grid@rac1:/home/grid>tree -d $ORACLE_HOME/log

/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid/log

|-- crs

|-- diag

| `-- clients

| `-- user_root

| `-- host_1874443374_76

| |-- alert

| |-- cdump

| |-- incident

| |-- incpkg

| |-- lck

| |-- metadata

| |-- stage

| |-- sweep

| `-- trace

`-- rac1

|-- admin

|-- agent

| |-- crsd

| | |-- oraagent_grid

| | |-- oraagent_oracle

| | `-- orarootagent_root

| `-- ohasd

| |-- oraagent_grid

| |-- oracssdagent_root

| |-- oracssdmonitor_root

| `-- orarootagent_root

|-- client

|-- crsd

|-- cssd

|-- ctssd

|-- diskmon

|-- evmd

|-- gipcd

|-- gnsd

|-- gpnpd

|-- mdnsd

|-- ohasd

|-- racg

| |-- racgeut

| |-- racgevtf

| `-- racgmain

`-- srvm

42 directories

RMDBS 层的日志结构：

oracle@rac1:/opt/rac/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac>tree -d rac1

rac1

|-- alert

|-- cdump

|-- hm

|-- incident

|-- incpkg

|-- ir

|-- lck

|-- metadata

|-- stage

|-- sweep

`-- trace

11 directories

其中“rac1”是主机名。

3.日志目录功能说明

1）CRS日志存放在“$GRID_HOME/log//crsd”目录，系统会对该日志每10M进行归档一次；

2）CSS日志存放在“$GRID_HOME/log//cssd”目录，系统会对该日志每20M进行归档一次；

3）EVM日志存放在“$GRID_HOME/log//evmd”目录；

4）“$GRID_HOME/log/”和“$ORACLE_HOME/log/”目录中的racg目录中记录了RACG可执行文件对应的日志；

5）“$GRID_HOME/log//client”和“$ORACLE_HOME/log//client”目录记录了与srvctl、ocrdump、ocrconfig以及ocrcheck命令对应的日志信息。

4.Oracle集群的alert日志

Oracle RAC环境中的alert日志文件与Oracle单实例的alert日志一样。该文件位于“在 $ORACLE_BASE/rdbms//trace”目录下，命名规则为“alert_.log”

该警告日志记录了有关Oracle集群rdbms 层面的重要警告信息。

oracle@rac1:/opt/rac/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/trace>more alert_rac1.log

Starting up:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options.

Using parameter settings in client-side pfile /opt/rac/oracle/admin/rac/pfile/init.ora on machine rac1

System parameters with non-default values:

processes = 150

nls_language = "SIMPLIFIED CHINESE"

nls_territory = "CHINA"

memory_target = 1584M

control_files = "+DATA2/rac/controlfile/current.260.781821965"

db_block_size = 8192

compatible = "11.2.0.0.0"

log_archive_dest_1 = "LOCATION=+DATA2"

log_archive_format = "yangdb_%t_%s_%r.dbf"

db_create_file_dest = "+DATA2"

undo_tablespace = "UNDOTBS1"

instance_number = 1

remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"

db_domain = ""

dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=racXDB)"

remote_listener = "scan:1521"

audit_file_dest = "/opt/rac/oracle/admin/rac/adump"

audit_trail = "DB"

db_name = "rac"

open_cursors = 300

diagnostic_dest = "/opt/rac/oracle"

Cluster communication is configured to use the following interface(s) for this instance

10.10.10.10

cluster interconnect IPC version:Oracle UDP/IP (generic)

IPC Vendor 1 proto 2

Sat Apr 28 20:50:38 2012

PMON started with pid=2, OS id=16042

Sat Apr 28 20:50:38 2012

VKTM started with pid=3, OS id=16044 at elevated priority

VKTM running at (10)millisec precision with DBRM quantum (100)ms

Sat Apr 28 20:50:39 2012

GEN0 started with pid=4, OS id=16048

Sat Apr 28 20:50:39 2012

DIAG started with pid=5, OS id=16050

Sat Apr 28 20:50:39 2012

DBRM started with pid=6, OS id=16052

5.小结

熟悉Oracle集群环境下日志文件的位置和功能有助于快速定位故障的位置，善用之。

ORA-29780: unable to connect GPnP daemon [CLSGPNP_ERR]

安装完成 11GR2 Grid 之后，使用asmca创建磁盘组的时候遇到如下报错：

Started getting following error

ORA-29780: unable to connect to GPnP daemon [CLSGPNP_ERR]

google 一把和环境变量有关：(CRS/GRID 是运行正常的).

grid@rac1 /oragrid/dbs> env | grep ORA

GRID_HOME=/opt/11.2.0/grid <====== 从老的bash_profle 中继承的！

ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

ORACLE_BASE=/opt/rac/grid

ORACLE_HOME=/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid

$GRID_HOME变量必须和$ORACLE_HOME 保持一致,否则在使用asmca创建磁盘的时候会认不到asm 磁盘!